Hi
We are planning an intervention study to evaluate alternative approaches in the management of Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) using three arms: Specialized Nutritional Foods (SNF), cash, and vouchers. One of the key outcome measures is to compare recovery rates across these three arms.
For children under five, the recovery assessment is straightforward, as discharge is based on MUAC measurements. We can follow these children for at least four months post-enrollment.
However, monitoring recovery for pregnant and breastfeeding women (PBW) presents unique challenges. PBWs may be discharged from the program upon giving birth or when their baby reaches six months of age, regardless of whether their MUAC reaches 230 mm.
To address this, we have the following questions:
- For research purposes, can we continue to follow at least breastfeeding women until their MUAC exceeds 230 mm, even after the standard discharge criteria are met? For pregnant women we can recruit women in their early trimesters.
- Alternatively, should we focus on recruiting mothers with younger infants (e.g., less than two months old) to ensure adequate time for follow-up and measurement of recovery rates using MUAC criteria?
We appreciate your input on these questions.
For research purposes you can measure MUAC as often as you like as this is non-invasive. In terms of a targeted supplementary feeding program, women early in pregnancy may not qualify (MUAC< 23.1 cm), but will often first qualify around 22 weeks, so it is important to continue measurements of these women when they become malnourished. I would enroll anyone who presents as malnourished to allow for this work to be operationized.
Answered:
7 days agoHello Colleague
I do not fully understand your question but in case you want to do anthropometric measurements of breastfeeding women (BW) after their infant has reached the age of 6 months you can use BMI again, instead of MUAC. Once a BW has given birth and provided breastmilk for 6 months, BMI is a good measurement and you can regard her as if she is an adult without specific physiological conditions. And as you know, we use BMI for adults to identify malnutrition. I did not understand fully my colleague's suggestion regarding 22 weeks, but as you probably know from many studies, pregnant women who have a MUAC <23 cm have a high likelihood to give birth to a low birth weight child. The sooner they are identified the better, and the sooner their nutritional status and potential underlying ill-health conditions are identified and improved/treated, the better.
Answered:
7 days agoWhat I meant about 22 weeks is that we see pregnant women sequentially from very early in gestation and as the baby gets bigger, the mother's arm gets smaller. The we find 22 weeks to be a common point when mother's MUAC decreases to < 23.1 cm as he fetus approaches 3rd trimester
Answered:
6 days agoExcellent initiative, and here you go my reflections:
- Extending follow-up post discharge is a brilliant strategy, particularly for breastfeeding women (BW). This could involve using BMI after six months postpartum, as suggested by Mija Ververs. BMI, while not perfect, offers a practical approach for assessing adult malnutrition when MUAC may no longer be appropriate. Additionally, try to include qualitative research to understand barriers and facilitators to continued program participation post-discharge.
Super fantastic to establish whether interventions (SNF, cash, or vouchers) lead to sustained recovery beyond program participation, one exchange article from Yemen published in ENN tried to answer this and found a link between CVA and nutritional improvement:
https://www.ennonline.net/fex/68/yemencashtransfers3. Finally, try to investigate cost-effectiveness of the three arms (SNF, cash, or vouchers) to inform future program scaling.
thank you and all the best
Answered:
4 days agoHello, sounds like a great study. This may sound a little cynical, but isn't the main aim of interventions for undernourished mothers to reduce the risk of low birth weight and wasting in the infant? Maybe you should consider infant outcomes at birth and 6 months as your main outcome when supporting PBW rather than "recovery" in the mother.. ?
Answered:
4 days ago