Dear Colleagues,

I would greatly appreciate your valuable feedback and suggestions regarding potential correlations between the peaks in acute malnutrition, particularly during the so-called “lean season.” In months such as May, June, and up to September—where Yemen, as an example, experiences both the lean season and rising temperatures—many colleagues have observed a consistent link over the years. However, I believe it’s not solely the lean season that drives these peaks in malnutrition, but rather a combination of factors occurring simultaneously.

One such factor is the high temperatures that coincide with the lean season, which may begin earlier or last longer than the typical lean season period.

High temperatures can exacerbate malnutrition through the following mechanisms:

    1.    Appetite Suppression: Elevated temperatures activate the body’s thermoregulation, reducing appetite and subsequently lowering food intake, which can contribute to undernutrition.
    2.    Increased Energy Demand: While the body’s energy requirements rise to cope with heat, children may eat less during high temperatures, resulting in an energy deficit.
    3.    Dehydration: Excessive sweating during hot weather causes a loss of water and electrolytes, leading to dehydration, which impairs digestion and nutrient absorption, further worsening malnutrition.
    4.    Increased Risk of Infections: Higher temperatures increase the risk of gastrointestinal infections (e.g., diarrhea), leading to nutrient loss and weakening children’s nutritional status.
    5.    Impaired Nutrient Absorption: Dehydration and gastrointestinal issues caused by heat can damage the gut lining, reducing the body’s ability to absorb vital nutrients.

Looking forward to your thoughts and insights.
Best